How to Convey Coal from Coalfaces to Levels in the Taisho (1912-1926) and Showa (1926-1989) Eras (at Middle and Large-scale Coal Pits)
1964 - 1967
Taisho, Showa: Kiriha kara Kanekata made (Chu Ijo no Yama)
[How to Convey Coal from Coalfaces to Levels in the Taisho (1912-1926) and Showa (1926-1989) Eras (at Middle and Large-scale Coal Pits)]
38.0 x 54.0 cm Painting in Watercolors and Ink
[Figure 1] Water Chute: It was composed of steel troughs, each of which was made of a steel plate about 1/16 inch thick, 3 feet (90 cm) wide, and 6 feet (180 cm) long. The longer edges of the plate were folded to make rims 1 inch wide. The bottom was 18 inches wide, and both side walls were 8 inches wide. It appeared in the Taisho era.
[Figure 2] Shaker Conveyor: Each trough of the conveyor was made of a steel plate 1/8 inch (3 mm) thick. The bottom was 12 inches (30.5 miri [sic; mm]: actually 30.5 cm) wide and both side walls were 6 inches high. Each end of a trough had a caulked steel plate 3/8 inch thick and 3 inches wide, both ends of which were shaped into joint holes. The troughs were combined together with 1-inch bolts. An air piston pushed up the troughs and the troughs naturally fell back to where they were. The troughs were suspended with wires.
[Figure 3] Conveyor Belt: There were some variants of this type of conveyor with different structures.
[Figure 4] U-shaped Scraper: This type of scraper was useful for coal conveyance from coalfaces with thin coal seams. It was attached to a winch rope and had neither a top nor bottom. Its rear panel was hinged and fell in to form a rear panel when it was winched. The conveyor line revolved vertically, carrying the scraper about in order to scrape away the coal.
[Figure 5] Chain Conveyor: It is used in large-scale coal pits today. Coal on its chain goes through the bottom of the trough.
Words inside and outside the Insets
1. Mizunagashi: Water Chute
2. Seka: Shaker Conveyor
3. Beruto: Conveyor Belt, Sumibako: Mine Car
4. Sukurepa: Scraper, Yagen: Sheave
5. Chen: Chain Conveyor, Sumibako: Mine Car
Translation Assisted by Mr. Nathan Johndro
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